15 of product design had expanded significantly. Chak had to consider UX, system design, interactive design, software engineering, interface design and product and service pricing models. This reflects a crucial trend in technological development — a shift from simple product design to intertwined product and service development schedules. Embracing the virtual world Both Chan and Chak note that the rise of the Internet has disrupted traditional pricing, media consumption models and consumer lifestyles, prompting changes on the production end. "On one hand, some people specialise in improving audio-visual data compression technology. For example, YouTube previously used Flash as the default player, but now advanced HTML5 compression technology allows users to access large amounts of high-definition media content more efficiently. On the other hand, some people develop broadband technologies, with the advent of 5G and 6G technology, enabling users to access data-intensive media anytime, anywhere, leading to new changes and shifts in demand," says Chak. While software supplanted many electronics, it also radically changed many surviving products. TVs no longer broadcast one-way, they support user interfaces and software installations, which in turn has spawned a new ecosystem in the industry. As a Director of Innovation and Product Development, Chak constantly monitors international film and entertainment industry trends to seek out business opportunities amid technological changes. "Current film and media operation models are mainly divided into several types, such as YouTube's AVOD (Note 1), Netflix's SVOD (Note 2) and the continuation of traditional TV's FAST (Note 3), each with different operation models. Many institutions and apps in the US operate local TV stations through FAST, offering users customised media platforms with hundreds or thousands of channels. These economic activities are estimated to generate up to US$200 billions in revenue annually on TV alone." He explains, adding that TCL has not yet benefited from these changes and is contemplating how to enter this new industry. Chan also felt the change in product functionality. Chan said, "Tasks previously done on computers could later be done on tablets and then on smartphones as users got used to the new forms of devices." Chak added that the key to whether technological changes will impact at ask lies in the transferability of product demand. "TV screens are so large, yet users cannot perform image editing tasks via remote control, meaning the demand cannot be transferred. Now, with the advent of AI generation technology and the introduction of intent interaction technology, AI-trained systems can interpret human intentions through subtle movements and fulfil complex commands. This will drive large-scale industry transformation. When the entire ecosystem forces you to change, you will change, won't you?" Who leads whom? Chak believes AI will revolutionise many industries' operational models, standards and regulations and extend far beyond its current applications. Drawing on his experience with AIgenerated video technology and AI assistant software development, he points out that AI's rapid evolution and decline in costs signal its widespread adoption in the coming future, which can potentially overturn traditional production models and businesses. "If industry practitioners fail to adapt proactively, they will be left behind, passively waiting to be overwhelmed by the disruption," Chak predicts. Still from the "Best Costume Design" nominee at the 60th Golden Horse Awards, movie "In Broad Daylight". 第60屆金馬獎「最佳造型設計」提名電影《白日之下》的劇照。
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